6-145 Say: I find not in that which is revealed to me aught forbidden for an eater to eat thereof, except that it be what dies of itself, or blood poured forth, or flesh of swine — for that surely is unclean — or what is a transgression, other than (the name of) Allah having been invoked on it. But whoever is driven to necessity, not desiring nor exceeding the limit, then surely thy Lord is Forgiving, Merciful.a
قُل لَّآ أَجِدُ فِى مَآ أُوحِىَ إِلَىَّ مُحَرَّمًا عَلَىٰ طَاعِمٍ۬ يَطۡعَمُهُ ۥۤ إِلَّآ أَن يَكُونَ مَيۡتَةً أَوۡ دَمً۬ا مَّسۡفُوحًا أَوۡ لَحۡمَ خِنزِيرٍ۬ فَإِنَّهُ ۥ رِجۡسٌ أَوۡ فِسۡقًا أُهِلَّ لِغَيۡرِ ٱللَّهِ بِهِۦۚ فَمَنِ ٱضۡطُرَّ غَيۡرَ بَاغٍ۬ وَلَا عَادٍ۬ فَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ غَفُورٌ۬ رَّحِيمٌ۬ (١٤٥)
6-145a: After a discussion of polytheistic customs which forbade the eating of certain things that are permissible, it is now revealed what are the things that are actually prohibited by Divine revelation. The statement: لَّآ أَجِدُ فِى مَآ أُوحِىَ إِلَىَّ (I find not in that which is revealed) shows that there is an indication in this to Surah Al Nahl (Chapter 16) which in chronological order precedes the revelation of this Surah and is the first revelation in which there is a mention of prohibited and permissible foods. The additional information provided here is that the first three, that is dead animals other than the ones slaughtered, blood that has poured and flesh of swine, are prohibited because of their uncleanness. They contain harmful things that have an adverse effect on health and morals. أُهِلَّ لِغَيۡرِ ٱللَّهِ (other than the name of Allah has been invoked on it) is mentioned separately from the three mentioned previously and is classed as a transgression because its uncleanness is not physical but is merely disobedience of Allah’s command Who desires that polytheistic customs be eradicated even in what is eaten.
6-146 And to those who are Jews We forbade every animal having claws, and of oxen and sheep We forbade them the fat thereof, except such as was on their backs or the entrails or what was mixed with bones. This was a punishment We gave them on account of their rebellion, and We are surely Truthful.a
وَعَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ هَادُواْ حَرَّمۡنَا ڪُلَّ ذِى ظُفُرٍ۬ۖ وَمِنَ ٱلۡبَقَرِ وَٱلۡغَنَمِ حَرَّمۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ شُحُومَهُمَآ إِلَّا مَا حَمَلَتۡ ظُهُورُهُمَآ أَوِ ٱلۡحَوَايَآ أَوۡ مَا ٱخۡتَلَطَ بِعَظۡمٍ۬ۚ ذَٲلِكَ جَزَيۡنَـٰهُم بِبَغۡيِہِمۡۖ وَإِنَّا لَصَـٰدِقُونَ (١٤٦)
6-146a: ذِى ظُفُرٍ – The word ظُفُر is used for both human’s and non-human’s nails. By ذِى ظُفُرٍ is meant ذی مخالبthat is, animals with claws (R). According to Ibn Jarir ذِى ظُفُرٍ means every beast and bird that has not divided toes, as the camel, ostrich, goose and birds (IJ).
حَوَايَآ – It is the plural of حَوِیّة which means entrails. حویٰ means to gather and kept an eye on it (LA).
Prohibition by way of punishment: The meaning is that apart from pork etcetera, the prohibition of other foods was a temporary punishment for Jews because of their disobedience. To reduce their acts of disobedience, the Jews were deprived of certain things as a punishment.
6-147 But if they give thee the lie, then say: Your Lord is the Lord of all-encompassing mercy; and His punishment cannot be averted from the guilty people.
فَإِن ڪَذَّبُوكَ فَقُل رَّبُّڪُمۡ ذُو رَحۡمَةٍ۬ وَٲسِعَةٍ۬ وَلَا يُرَدُّ بَأۡسُهُ ۥ عَنِ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ (١٤٧)
6-148 Those who are polytheists say: If Allah pleased we would not have set up (aught with Him) nor our fathers, nor would we have made anything unlawful. Thus did those before them reject (the truth) until they tasted Our punishment. Say: Have you any knowledge so you would bring it forth to us? You only follow a conjecture and you only tell lies.
سَيَقُولُ ٱلَّذِينَ أَشۡرَكُواْ لَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مَآ أَشۡرَڪۡنَا وَلَآ ءَابَآؤُنَا وَلَا حَرَّمۡنَا مِن شَىۡءٍ۬ۚ ڪَذَٲلِكَ كَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ حَتَّىٰ ذَاقُواْ بَأۡسَنَاۗ قُلۡ هَلۡ عِندَڪُم مِّنۡ عِلۡمٍ۬ فَتُخۡرِجُوهُ لَنَآۖ إِن تَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا ٱلظَّنَّ وَإِنۡ أَنتُمۡ إِلَّا تَخۡرُصُونَ (١٤٨)
6-148a: تَخۡرُصُونَ – خَرۡص is to estimate or conjecture the amount of fruit. The meaning of تَخۡرُصُونَ is you lie, as in قُتِلَ ٱلۡخَرَّٲصُونَ (Cursed be the liars!) (51:10). The reality of this is that every statement that is made as a conjecture or surmise is خَرۡص whether it is made in support or against a thing because the maker of the statement is not making it out of knowledge, detailed reflection or after listening attentively but is just conjecturing and guessing. One who converses in this way is considered a fabricator (R).
Explanation of لَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مَآ أَشۡرَڪۡنَا : After completing all the arguments repudiating polytheism, the last excuse of the polytheists is adjudicated namely that if Allah had pleased they would not have set up (aught with him), meaning that that their assigning partners is the will of God. First, this is a mere fabrication and previous generations too had made similar foolish excuses to reject their prophets, and ultimately suffered punishment. If it is the will of Allah that people ascribe partners with Him then why does He punish the polytheists. The second response is that if they are so deprived of discretion then why do they go about giving the lie to the Holy Prophet. When it comes to accepting the truth, they claim to have no discretion but when it comes to opposing the Holy Prophet, they do not show any helplessness but actively work to discredit him. The third response is to present some proof. If the Divine will is that people can associate others with Him, then His teachings through His messengers should reflect this. However, there is nothing in the teachings of any prophet that invites people to polytheism. In the end it is stated that their talk is based on conjectures and hunches. In contrast, when a prophet repudiates polytheism, it is based on certain knowledge.
Whatever is said about the polytheists here is also a fitting description of a large section of the Muslim population today. This group indulges in all kinds of impiety and immorality, and then say that they cannot be doing this unless it is the will of God. He must will it, so they do it. In the same way, without any correct knowledge about religion, they keep coming up with their hunches which is called a great lie here.
6-149 Say: Then Allah’s is the conclusive argument; so if He had pleased, He would have guided you all.a
قُلۡ فَلِلَّهِ ٱلۡحُجَّةُ ٱلۡبَـٰلِغَةُۖ فَلَوۡ شَآءَ لَهَدَٮٰكُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ (١٤٩)
6-149: ٱلۡبَـٰلِغَةُ – The meaning of بُلُوۡغ is to achieve the intended purpose (R). So, حُجَّةُ ٱلۡبَـٰلِغَةُ is a definitive argument that proves the assertion.
The arguments presented in the previous verses are termed as حُجَّةُ ٱلۡبَـٰلِغَةُ or definitive proofs. In the end, it is stated that the Divine will is to guide them, so Allah will create those conditions that will take them out of polytheism and make them followers of monotheism. An alternative meaning of لَوۡ شَآءَ لَهَدَٮٰكُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ is that if God’s intention was to compel men, then He would have compelled them to guidance.
6-150 Say: Bring your witnesses who bear witness that Allah forbade this. If they bear witness, then do not thou bear witness with them. And follow not the low desires of those who reject Our messages and those who believe not in the Hereafter, and they make (others) equal with their Lord.a
قُلۡ هَلُمَّ شُہَدَآءَكُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَشۡهَدُونَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ حَرَّمَ هَـٰذَاۖ فَإِن شَہِدُواْ فَلَا تَشۡهَدۡ مَعَهُمۡۚ وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ أَهۡوَآءَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَـٰتِنَا وَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡأَخِرَةِ وَهُم بِرَبِّهِمۡ يَعۡدِلُونَ
6-150a: هَلُمَّ – It means to call someone to a particular thing. Its root according to some is ھَالُمّ and it is derived from لَمَمۡتُ الشَّیۡءَ which means to reform, and according to others the root is ھَلۡ اَمَّ that is, do you have any desire or اَمّ for it (R).
The meaning is that you cannot bring a person who can say based on Divine revelation that these polytheistic things are permissible.
Bayan-ul-Quran 